The State of digital and cybersecurity risks in India: Breaches, threat trends, and sectoral impact

India’s digital transformation has been among the fastest globally. With over a billion internet users and platforms such as Aadhaar, UPI, DigiLocker, and the rapid adoption of cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), and data-driven technologies, India has emerged as a digital-first economy.

Digital public infrastructure has enabled inclusion, efficiency, and innovation at unprecedented scale. However, this speed and scale have also significantly expanded cyber risk. Cybersecurity is no longer a concern limited to IT teams; it has become an enterprise-wide, societal, and national security issue.