Beyond an application layer
The global artificial intelligence (AI) landscape is witnessing a significant transformation. Even as the US and China remain the two countries specialising in distinct but complementary segments of the AI value chain, other countries are now engaged in a fierce scaling up with India increasingly working towards that objective.
The US remains the undisputed leader in frontier foundation models, driven by companies such as OpenAI, Anthropic, Google DeepMind, Meta, and xAI, supported by unparalleled venture capital, world-class research universities,
